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<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"><meta name="generator" content="rustdoc"><meta name="description" content="API documentation for the Rust `strftime` mod in crate `chrono`."><meta name="keywords" content="rust, rustlang, rust-lang, strftime"><title>chrono::format::strftime - Rust</title><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../../../normalize.css"><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../../../rustdoc.css" id="mainThemeStyle"><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../../../dark.css"><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../../../light.css" id="themeStyle"><script src="../../../storage.js"></script><noscript><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../../noscript.css"></noscript><link rel="shortcut icon" href="../../../favicon.ico"><style type="text/css">#crate-search{background-image:url("../../../down-arrow.svg");}</style></head><body class="rustdoc mod"><!--[if lte IE 8]><div class="warning">This old browser is unsupported and will most likely display funky things.</div><![endif]--><nav class="sidebar"><div class="sidebar-menu">&#9776;</div><a href='../../../chrono/index.html'><div class='logo-container'><img src='../../../rust-logo.png' alt='logo'></div></a><p class='location'>Module strftime</p><div class="sidebar-elems"><div class="block items"><ul><li><a href="#structs">Structs</a></li></ul></div><p class='location'><a href='../../index.html'>chrono</a>::<wbr><a href='../index.html'>format</a></p><script>window.sidebarCurrent = {name: 'strftime', ty: 'mod', relpath: '../'};</script><script defer src="../sidebar-items.js"></script></div></nav><div class="theme-picker"><button id="theme-picker" aria-label="Pick another theme!"><img src="../../../brush.svg" width="18" alt="Pick another theme!"></button><div id="theme-choices"></div></div><script src="../../../theme.js"></script><nav class="sub"><form class="search-form"><div class="search-container"><div><select id="crate-search"><option value="All crates">All crates</option></select><input class="search-input" name="search" disabled autocomplete="off" spellcheck="false" placeholder="Click or press ‘S’ to search, ‘?’ for more options…" type="search"></div><a id="settings-menu" href="../../../settings.html"><img src="../../../wheel.svg" width="18" alt="Change settings"></a></div></form></nav><section id="main" class="content"><h1 class='fqn'><span class='out-of-band'><span id='render-detail'><a id="toggle-all-docs" href="javascript:void(0)" title="collapse all docs">[<span class='inner'>&#x2212;</span>]</a></span><a class='srclink' href='../../../src/chrono/format/strftime.rs.html#4-486' title='goto source code'>[src]</a></span><span class='in-band'>Module <a href='../../index.html'>chrono</a>::<wbr><a href='../index.html'>format</a>::<wbr><a class="mod" href=''>strftime</a></span></h1><div class='docblock'><p><code>strftime</code>/<code>strptime</code>-inspired date and time formatting syntax.</p>
<h2 id="specifiers" class="section-header"><a href="#specifiers">Specifiers</a></h2>
<p>The following specifiers are available both to formatting and parsing.</p>
<table><thead><tr><th>Spec.</th><th>Example</th><th>Description</th></tr></thead><tbody>
<tr><td></td><td></td><td><strong>DATE SPECIFIERS:</strong></td></tr>
<tr><td><code>%Y</code></td><td><code>2001</code></td><td>The full proleptic Gregorian year, zero-padded to 4 digits. <sup id="fnref1"><a href="#fn1">1</a></sup></td></tr>
<tr><td><code>%C</code></td><td><code>20</code></td><td>The proleptic Gregorian year divided by 100, zero-padded to 2 digits. <sup id="fnref2"><a href="#fn2">2</a></sup></td></tr>
<tr><td><code>%y</code></td><td><code>01</code></td><td>The proleptic Gregorian year modulo 100, zero-padded to 2 digits. <sup id="fnref2"><a href="#fn2">2</a></sup></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><code>%m</code></td><td><code>07</code></td><td>Month number (01--12), zero-padded to 2 digits.</td></tr>
<tr><td><code>%b</code></td><td><code>Jul</code></td><td>Abbreviated month name. Always 3 letters.</td></tr>
<tr><td><code>%B</code></td><td><code>July</code></td><td>Full month name. Also accepts corresponding abbreviation in parsing.</td></tr>
<tr><td><code>%h</code></td><td><code>Jul</code></td><td>Same as <code>%b</code>.</td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><code>%d</code></td><td><code>08</code></td><td>Day number (01--31), zero-padded to 2 digits.</td></tr>
<tr><td><code>%e</code></td><td><code> 8</code></td><td>Same as <code>%d</code> but space-padded. Same as <code>%_d</code>.</td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><code>%a</code></td><td><code>Sun</code></td><td>Abbreviated weekday name. Always 3 letters.</td></tr>
<tr><td><code>%A</code></td><td><code>Sunday</code></td><td>Full weekday name. Also accepts corresponding abbreviation in parsing.</td></tr>
<tr><td><code>%w</code></td><td><code>0</code></td><td>Sunday = 0, Monday = 1, ..., Saturday = 6.</td></tr>
<tr><td><code>%u</code></td><td><code>7</code></td><td>Monday = 1, Tuesday = 2, ..., Sunday = 7. (ISO 8601)</td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><code>%U</code></td><td><code>28</code></td><td>Week number starting with Sunday (00--53), zero-padded to 2 digits. <sup id="fnref3"><a href="#fn3">3</a></sup></td></tr>
<tr><td><code>%W</code></td><td><code>27</code></td><td>Same as <code>%U</code>, but week 1 starts with the first Monday in that year instead.</td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><code>%G</code></td><td><code>2001</code></td><td>Same as <code>%Y</code> but uses the year number in ISO 8601 week date. <sup id="fnref4"><a href="#fn4">4</a></sup></td></tr>
<tr><td><code>%g</code></td><td><code>01</code></td><td>Same as <code>%y</code> but uses the year number in ISO 8601 week date. <sup id="fnref4"><a href="#fn4">4</a></sup></td></tr>
<tr><td><code>%V</code></td><td><code>27</code></td><td>Same as <code>%U</code> but uses the week number in ISO 8601 week date (01--53). <sup id="fnref4"><a href="#fn4">4</a></sup></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><code>%j</code></td><td><code>189</code></td><td>Day of the year (001--366), zero-padded to 3 digits.</td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><code>%D</code></td><td><code>07/08/01</code></td><td>Month-day-year format. Same as <code>%m/%d/%y</code>.</td></tr>
<tr><td><code>%x</code></td><td><code>07/08/01</code></td><td>Same as <code>%D</code>.</td></tr>
<tr><td><code>%F</code></td><td><code>2001-07-08</code></td><td>Year-month-day format (ISO 8601). Same as <code>%Y-%m-%d</code>.</td></tr>
<tr><td><code>%v</code></td><td><code> 8-Jul-2001</code></td><td>Day-month-year format. Same as <code>%e-%b-%Y</code>.</td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td></td><td><strong>TIME SPECIFIERS:</strong></td></tr>
<tr><td><code>%H</code></td><td><code>00</code></td><td>Hour number (00--23), zero-padded to 2 digits.</td></tr>
<tr><td><code>%k</code></td><td><code> 0</code></td><td>Same as <code>%H</code> but space-padded. Same as <code>%_H</code>.</td></tr>
<tr><td><code>%I</code></td><td><code>12</code></td><td>Hour number in 12-hour clocks (01--12), zero-padded to 2 digits.</td></tr>
<tr><td><code>%l</code></td><td><code>12</code></td><td>Same as <code>%I</code> but space-padded. Same as <code>%_I</code>.</td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><code>%P</code></td><td><code>am</code></td><td><code>am</code> or <code>pm</code> in 12-hour clocks.</td></tr>
<tr><td><code>%p</code></td><td><code>AM</code></td><td><code>AM</code> or <code>PM</code> in 12-hour clocks.</td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><code>%M</code></td><td><code>34</code></td><td>Minute number (00--59), zero-padded to 2 digits.</td></tr>
<tr><td><code>%S</code></td><td><code>60</code></td><td>Second number (00--60), zero-padded to 2 digits. <sup id="fnref5"><a href="#fn5">5</a></sup></td></tr>
<tr><td><code>%f</code></td><td><code>026490000</code></td><td>The fractional seconds (in nanoseconds) since last whole second. <sup id="fnref6"><a href="#fn6">6</a></sup></td></tr>
<tr><td><code>%.f</code></td><td><code>.026490</code></td><td>Similar to <code>.%f</code> but left-aligned. These all consume the leading dot. <sup id="fnref6"><a href="#fn6">6</a></sup></td></tr>
<tr><td><code>%.3f</code></td><td><code>.026</code></td><td>Similar to <code>.%f</code> but left-aligned but fixed to a length of 3. <sup id="fnref6"><a href="#fn6">6</a></sup></td></tr>
<tr><td><code>%.6f</code></td><td><code>.026490</code></td><td>Similar to <code>.%f</code> but left-aligned but fixed to a length of 6. <sup id="fnref6"><a href="#fn6">6</a></sup></td></tr>
<tr><td><code>%.9f</code></td><td><code>.026490000</code></td><td>Similar to <code>.%f</code> but left-aligned but fixed to a length of 9. <sup id="fnref6"><a href="#fn6">6</a></sup></td></tr>
<tr><td><code>%3f</code></td><td><code>026</code></td><td>Similar to <code>%.3f</code> but without the leading dot. <sup id="fnref6"><a href="#fn6">6</a></sup></td></tr>
<tr><td><code>%6f</code></td><td><code>026490</code></td><td>Similar to <code>%.6f</code> but without the leading dot. <sup id="fnref6"><a href="#fn6">6</a></sup></td></tr>
<tr><td><code>%9f</code></td><td><code>026490000</code></td><td>Similar to <code>%.9f</code> but without the leading dot. <sup id="fnref6"><a href="#fn6">6</a></sup></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><code>%R</code></td><td><code>00:34</code></td><td>Hour-minute format. Same as <code>%H:%M</code>.</td></tr>
<tr><td><code>%T</code></td><td><code>00:34:60</code></td><td>Hour-minute-second format. Same as <code>%H:%M:%S</code>.</td></tr>
<tr><td><code>%X</code></td><td><code>00:34:60</code></td><td>Same as <code>%T</code>.</td></tr>
<tr><td><code>%r</code></td><td><code>12:34:60 AM</code></td><td>Hour-minute-second format in 12-hour clocks. Same as <code>%I:%M:%S %p</code>.</td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td></td><td><strong>TIME ZONE SPECIFIERS:</strong></td></tr>
<tr><td><code>%Z</code></td><td><code>ACST</code></td><td><em>Formatting only:</em> Local time zone name.</td></tr>
<tr><td><code>%z</code></td><td><code>+0930</code></td><td>Offset from the local time to UTC (with UTC being <code>+0000</code>).</td></tr>
<tr><td><code>%:z</code></td><td><code>+09:30</code></td><td>Same as <code>%z</code> but with a colon.</td></tr>
<tr><td><code>%#z</code></td><td><code>+09</code></td><td><em>Parsing only:</em> Same as <code>%z</code> but allows minutes to be missing or present.</td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td></td><td><strong>DATE &amp; TIME SPECIFIERS:</strong></td></tr>
<tr><td><code>%c</code></td><td><code>Sun Jul 8 00:34:60 2001</code></td><td><code>ctime</code> date &amp; time format. Same as <code>%a %b %e %T %Y</code> sans <code>\n</code>.</td></tr>
<tr><td><code>%+</code></td><td><code>2001-07-08T00:34:60.026490+09:30</code></td><td>ISO 8601 / RFC 3339 date &amp; time format. <sup id="fnref7"><a href="#fn7">7</a></sup></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td><code>%s</code></td><td><code>994518299</code></td><td>UNIX timestamp, the number of seconds since 1970-01-01 00:00 UTC. <sup id="fnref8"><a href="#fn8">8</a></sup></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td></td><td><strong>SPECIAL SPECIFIERS:</strong></td></tr>
<tr><td><code>%t</code></td><td></td><td>Literal tab (<code>\t</code>).</td></tr>
<tr><td><code>%n</code></td><td></td><td>Literal newline (<code>\n</code>).</td></tr>
<tr><td><code>%%</code></td><td></td><td>Literal percent sign.</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<p>It is possible to override the default padding behavior of numeric specifiers <code>%?</code>.
This is not allowed for other specifiers and will result in the <code>BAD_FORMAT</code> error.</p>
<table><thead><tr><th>Modifier</th><th>Description</th></tr></thead><tbody>
<tr><td><code>%-?</code></td><td>Suppresses any padding including spaces and zeroes. (e.g. <code>%j</code> = <code>012</code>, <code>%-j</code> = <code>12</code>)</td></tr>
<tr><td><code>%_?</code></td><td>Uses spaces as a padding. (e.g. <code>%j</code> = <code>012</code>, <code>%_j</code> = <code> 12</code>)</td></tr>
<tr><td><code>%0?</code></td><td>Uses zeroes as a padding. (e.g. <code>%e</code> = <code> 9</code>, <code>%0e</code> = <code>09</code>)</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<p>Notes:</p>
<div class="footnotes"><hr><ol><li id="fn1"><p><code>%Y</code>:
Negative years are allowed in formatting but not in parsing.&nbsp;<a href="#fnref1" rev="footnote">↩</a></p></li><li id="fn2"><p><code>%C</code>, <code>%y</code>:
This is floor division, so 100 BCE (year number -99) will print <code>-1</code> and <code>99</code> respectively.&nbsp;<a href="#fnref2" rev="footnote">↩</a></p></li><li id="fn3"><p><code>%U</code>:
Week 1 starts with the first Sunday in that year.
It is possible to have week 0 for days before the first Sunday.&nbsp;<a href="#fnref3" rev="footnote">↩</a></p></li><li id="fn4"><p><code>%G</code>, <code>%g</code>, <code>%V</code>:
Week 1 is the first week with at least 4 days in that year.
Week 0 does not exist, so this should be used with <code>%G</code> or <code>%g</code>.&nbsp;<a href="#fnref4" rev="footnote">↩</a></p></li><li id="fn5"><p><code>%S</code>:
It accounts for leap seconds, so <code>60</code> is possible.&nbsp;<a href="#fnref5" rev="footnote">↩</a></p></li><li id="fn6"><p><code>%f</code>, <code>%.f</code>, <code>%.3f</code>, <code>%.6f</code>, <code>%.9f</code>, <code>%3f</code>, <code>%6f</code>, <code>%9f</code>:
<br>
The default <code>%f</code> is right-aligned and always zero-padded to 9 digits
for the compatibility with glibc and others,
so it always counts the number of nanoseconds since the last whole second.
E.g. 7ms after the last second will print <code>007000000</code>,
and parsing <code>7000000</code> will yield the same.
<br>
<br>
The variant <code>%.f</code> is left-aligned and print 0, 3, 6 or 9 fractional digits
according to the precision.
E.g. 70ms after the last second under <code>%.f</code> will print <code>.070</code> (note: not <code>.07</code>),
and parsing <code>.07</code>, <code>.070000</code> etc. will yield the same.
Note that they can print or read nothing if the fractional part is zero or
the next character is not <code>.</code>.
<br>
<br>
The variant <code>%.3f</code>, <code>%.6f</code> and <code>%.9f</code> are left-aligned and print 3, 6 or 9 fractional digits
according to the number preceding <code>f</code>.
E.g. 70ms after the last second under <code>%.3f</code> will print <code>.070</code> (note: not <code>.07</code>),
and parsing <code>.07</code>, <code>.070000</code> etc. will yield the same.
Note that they can read nothing if the fractional part is zero or
the next character is not <code>.</code> however will print with the specified length.
<br>
<br>
The variant <code>%3f</code>, <code>%6f</code> and <code>%9f</code> are left-aligned and print 3, 6 or 9 fractional digits
according to the number preceding <code>f</code>, but without the leading dot.
E.g. 70ms after the last second under <code>%3f</code> will print <code>070</code> (note: not <code>07</code>),
and parsing <code>07</code>, <code>070000</code> etc. will yield the same.
Note that they can read nothing if the fractional part is zero.&nbsp;<a href="#fnref6" rev="footnote">↩</a></p></li><li id="fn7"><p><code>%+</code>: Same as <code>%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S%.f%:z</code>, i.e. 0, 3, 6 or 9 fractional
digits for seconds and colons in the time zone offset.
<br>
<br>
The typical <code>strftime</code> implementations have different (and locale-dependent)
formats for this specifier. While Chrono's format for <code>%+</code> is far more
stable, it is best to avoid this specifier if you want to control the exact
output.&nbsp;<a href="#fnref7" rev="footnote">↩</a></p></li><li id="fn8"><p><code>%s</code>:
This is not padded and can be negative.
For the purpose of Chrono, it only accounts for non-leap seconds
so it slightly differs from ISO C <code>strftime</code> behavior.&nbsp;<a href="#fnref8" rev="footnote">↩</a></p></li></ol></div></div><h2 id='structs' class='section-header'><a href="#structs">Structs</a></h2>
<table><tr class='module-item'><td><a class="struct" href="struct.StrftimeItems.html" title='chrono::format::strftime::StrftimeItems struct'>StrftimeItems</a></td><td class='docblock-short'><p>Parsing iterator for <code>strftime</code>-like format strings.</p>
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