314 lines
16 KiB
HTML
314 lines
16 KiB
HTML
<!doctype html public "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
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<html> <head>
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<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=us-ascii">
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<title> Postfix manual - pgsql_table(5) </title>
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</head> <body> <pre>
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PGSQL_TABLE(5) PGSQL_TABLE(5)
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<b>NAME</b>
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pgsql_table - Postfix PostgreSQL client configuration
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<b>SYNOPSIS</b>
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<b>postmap -q "</b><i>string</i><b>" <a href="pgsql_table.5.html">pgsql</a>:/etc/postfix/</b><i>filename</i>
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<b>postmap -q - <a href="pgsql_table.5.html">pgsql</a>:/etc/postfix/</b><i>filename</i> <<i>inputfile</i>
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<b>DESCRIPTION</b>
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The Postfix mail system uses optional tables for address rewriting or
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mail routing. These tables are usually in <b>dbm</b> or <b>db</b> format.
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Alternatively, lookup tables can be specified as PostgreSQL databases.
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In order to use PostgreSQL lookups, define a PostgreSQL source as a
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lookup table in <a href="postconf.5.html">main.cf</a>, for example:
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<a href="postconf.5.html#alias_maps">alias_maps</a> = <a href="pgsql_table.5.html">pgsql</a>:/etc/pgsql-aliases.cf
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The file /etc/postfix/pgsql-aliases.cf has the same format as the Post-
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fix <a href="postconf.5.html">main.cf</a> file, and can specify the parameters described below.
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<b>BACKWARDS COMPATIBILITY</b>
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For compatibility with other Postfix lookup tables, PostgreSQL parame-
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ters can also be defined in <a href="postconf.5.html">main.cf</a>. In order to do that, specify as
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PostgreSQL source a name that doesn't begin with a slash or a dot. The
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PostgreSQL parameters will then be accessible as the name you've given
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the source in its definition, an underscore, and the name of the param-
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eter. For example, if the map is specified as "<a href="pgsql_table.5.html">pgsql</a>:<i>pgsqlname</i>", the
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parameter "hosts" below would be defined in <a href="postconf.5.html">main.cf</a> as "<i>pgsql-</i>
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<i>name</i>_hosts".
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Note: with this form, the passwords for the PostgreSQL sources are
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written in <a href="postconf.5.html">main.cf</a>, which is normally world-readable. Support for this
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form will be removed in a future Postfix version.
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Normally, the SQL query is specified via a single <b>query</b> parameter
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(described in more detail below). When this parameter is not specified
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in the map definition, Postfix reverts to an older interface, with the
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SQL query constructed from the <b>select_function</b>, <b>select_field</b>, <b>table</b>,
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<b>where_field</b> and <b>additional_conditions</b> parameters. The old interface
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will be gradually phased out. To migrate to the new interface set:
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<b>query</b> = SELECT <i>select</i><b>_</b><i>function</i>('%s')
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or in the absence of <b>select_function</b>, the lower precedence:
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<b>query</b> = SELECT <i>select</i><b>_</b><i>field</i>
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FROM <i>table</i>
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WHERE <i>where</i><b>_</b><i>field</i> = '%s'
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<i>additional</i><b>_</b><i>conditions</i>
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Use the value, not the name, of each legacy parameter. Note that the
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<b>additional_conditions</b> parameter is optional and if not empty, will
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always start with <b>AND</b>.
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<b>LIST MEMBERSHIP</b>
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When using SQL to store lists such as $<a href="postconf.5.html#mynetworks">mynetworks</a>, $<a href="postconf.5.html#mydestination">mydestination</a>,
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$<a href="postconf.5.html#relay_domains">relay_domains</a>, $<a href="postconf.5.html#local_recipient_maps">local_recipient_maps</a>, etc., it is important to under-
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stand that the table must store each list member as a separate key. The
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table lookup verifies the *existence* of the key. See "Postfix lists
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versus tables" in the <a href="DATABASE_README.html">DATABASE_README</a> document for a discussion.
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Do NOT create tables that return the full list of domains in $<a href="postconf.5.html#mydestination">mydesti</a>-
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<a href="postconf.5.html#mydestination">nation</a> or $<a href="postconf.5.html#relay_domains">relay_domains</a> etc., or IP addresses in $<a href="postconf.5.html#mynetworks">mynetworks</a>.
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DO create tables with each matching item as a key and with an arbitrary
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value. With SQL databases it is not uncommon to return the key itself
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or a constant value.
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<b>PGSQL PARAMETERS</b>
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<b>hosts</b> The hosts that Postfix will try to connect to and query from.
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Specify <i>unix:</i> for UNIX-domain sockets, <i>inet:</i> for TCP connections
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(default). Example:
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hosts = host1.some.domain host2.some.domain:port
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hosts = unix:/file/name
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The hosts are tried in random order, with all connections over
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UNIX domain sockets being tried before those over TCP. The con-
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nections are automatically closed after being idle for about 1
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minute, and are re-opened as necessary.
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NOTE: the <i>unix:</i> and <i>inet:</i> prefixes are accepted for backwards
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compatibility reasons, but are actually ignored. The PostgreSQL
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client library will always try to connect to an UNIX socket if
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the name starts with a slash, and will try a TCP connection oth-
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erwise.
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<b>user, password</b>
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The user name and password to log into the pgsql server. Exam-
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ple:
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user = someone
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password = some_password
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<b>dbname</b> The database name on the servers. Example:
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dbname = customer_database
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<b>query</b> The SQL query template used to search the database, where <b>%s</b> is
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a substitute for the address Postfix is trying to resolve, e.g.
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query = SELECT replacement FROM aliases WHERE mailbox = '%s'
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This parameter supports the following '%' expansions:
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<b>%%</b> This is replaced by a literal '%' character. (Postfix 2.2
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and later)
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<b>%s</b> This is replaced by the input key. SQL quoting is used
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to make sure that the input key does not add unexpected
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metacharacters.
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<b>%u</b> When the input key is an address of the form user@domain,
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<b>%u</b> is replaced by the SQL quoted local part of the
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address. Otherwise, <b>%u</b> is replaced by the entire search
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string. If the localpart is empty, the query is sup-
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pressed and returns no results.
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<b>%d</b> When the input key is an address of the form user@domain,
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<b>%d</b> is replaced by the SQL quoted domain part of the
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address. Otherwise, the query is suppressed and returns
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no results.
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<b>%[SUD]</b> The upper-case equivalents of the above expansions behave
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in the <b>query</b> parameter identically to their lower-case
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counter-parts. With the <b>result_format</b> parameter (see
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below), they expand the input key rather than the result
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value.
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The above %S, %U and %D expansions are available with
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Postfix 2.2 and later
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<b>%[1-9]</b> The patterns %1, %2, ... %9 are replaced by the corre-
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sponding most significant component of the input key's
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domain. If the input key is <i>user@mail.example.com</i>, then
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%1 is <b>com</b>, %2 is <b>example</b> and %3 is <b>mail</b>. If the input key
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is unqualified or does not have enough domain components
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to satisfy all the specified patterns, the query is sup-
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pressed and returns no results.
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The above %1, ... %9 expansions are available with Post-
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fix 2.2 and later
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The <b>domain</b> parameter described below limits the input keys to
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addresses in matching domains. When the <b>domain</b> parameter is non-
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empty, SQL queries for unqualified addresses or addresses in
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non-matching domains are suppressed and return no results.
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The precedence of this parameter has changed with Postfix 2.2,
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in prior releases the precedence was, from highest to lowest,
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<b>select_function</b>, <b>query</b>, <b>select_field</b>, ...
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With Postfix 2.2 the <b>query</b> parameter has highest precedence, see
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COMPATIBILITY above.
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NOTE: DO NOT put quotes around the <b>query</b> parameter.
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<b>result_format (default: %s</b>)
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Format template applied to result attributes. Most commonly used
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to append (or prepend) text to the result. This parameter sup-
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ports the following '%' expansions:
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<b>%%</b> This is replaced by a literal '%' character.
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<b>%s</b> This is replaced by the value of the result attribute.
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When result is empty it is skipped.
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<b>%u</b> When the result attribute value is an address of the form
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user@domain, <b>%u</b> is replaced by the local part of the
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address. When the result has an empty localpart it is
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skipped.
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<b>%d</b> When a result attribute value is an address of the form
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user@domain, <b>%d</b> is replaced by the domain part of the
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attribute value. When the result is unqualified it is
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skipped.
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<b>%[SUD1-9]</b>
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The upper-case and decimal digit expansions interpolate
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the parts of the input key rather than the result. Their
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behavior is identical to that described with <b>query</b>, and
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in fact because the input key is known in advance,
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queries whose key does not contain all the information
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specified in the result template are suppressed and
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return no results.
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For example, using "result_format = <a href="smtp.8.html">smtp</a>:[%s]" allows one to use
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a mailHost attribute as the basis of a <a href="transport.5.html">transport(5)</a> table. After
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applying the result format, multiple values are concatenated as
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comma separated strings. The expansion_limit and parameter
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explained below allows one to restrict the number of values in
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the result, which is especially useful for maps that must return
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at most one value.
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The default value <b>%s</b> specifies that each result value should be
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used as is.
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This parameter is available with Postfix 2.2 and later.
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NOTE: DO NOT put quotes around the result format!
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<b>domain (default: no domain list)</b>
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This is a list of domain names, paths to files, or dictionaries.
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When specified, only fully qualified search keys with a *non-
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empty* localpart and a matching domain are eligible for lookup:
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'user' lookups, bare domain lookups and "@domain" lookups are
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not performed. This can significantly reduce the query load on
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the PostgreSQL server.
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domain = postfix.org, <a href="DATABASE_README.html#types">hash</a>:/etc/postfix/searchdomains
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It is best not to use SQL to store the domains eligible for SQL
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lookups.
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This parameter is available with Postfix 2.2 and later.
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NOTE: DO NOT define this parameter for <a href="local.8.html">local(8)</a> aliases, because
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the input keys are always unqualified.
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<b>expansion_limit (default: 0)</b>
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A limit on the total number of result elements returned (as a
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comma separated list) by a lookup against the map. A setting of
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zero disables the limit. Lookups fail with a temporary error if
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the limit is exceeded. Setting the limit to 1 ensures that
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lookups do not return multiple values.
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<b>OBSOLETE QUERY INTERFACES</b>
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This section describes query interfaces that are deprecated as of Post-
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fix 2.2. Please migrate to the new <b>query</b> interface as the old inter-
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faces are slated to be phased out.
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<b>select_function</b>
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This parameter specifies a database function name. Example:
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select_function = my_lookup_user_alias
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This is equivalent to:
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query = SELECT my_lookup_user_alias('%s')
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This parameter overrides the legacy table-related fields
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(described below). With Postfix versions prior to 2.2, it also
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overrides the <b>query</b> parameter. Starting with Postfix 2.2, the
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<b>query</b> parameter has highest precedence, and the <b>select_function</b>
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parameter is deprecated.
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The following parameters (with lower precedence than the <b>select_func-</b>
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<b>tion</b> interface described above) can be used to build the SQL select
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statement as follows:
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SELECT [<b>select_field</b>]
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FROM [<b>table</b>]
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WHERE [<b>where_field</b>] = '%s'
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[<b>additional_conditions</b>]
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The specifier %s is replaced with each lookup by the lookup key and is
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escaped so if it contains single quotes or other odd characters, it
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will not cause a parse error, or worse, a security problem.
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Starting with Postfix 2.2, this interface is obsoleted by the more gen-
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eral <b>query</b> interface described above. If higher precedence the <b>query</b> or
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<b>select_function</b> parameters described above are defined, the parameters
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described here are ignored.
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<b>select_field</b>
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The SQL "select" parameter. Example:
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<b>select_field</b> = forw_addr
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<b>table</b> The SQL "select .. from" table name. Example:
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<b>table</b> = mxaliases
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<b>where_field</b>
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The SQL "select .. where" parameter. Example:
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<b>where_field</b> = alias
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<b>additional_conditions</b>
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Additional conditions to the SQL query. Example:
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<b>additional_conditions</b> = AND status = 'paid'
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<b>SEE ALSO</b>
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<a href="postmap.1.html">postmap(1)</a>, Postfix lookup table manager
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<a href="postconf.5.html">postconf(5)</a>, configuration parameters
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<a href="ldap_table.5.html">ldap_table(5)</a>, LDAP lookup tables
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<a href="mysql_table.5.html">mysql_table(5)</a>, MySQL lookup tables
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<a href="sqlite_table.5.html">sqlite_table(5)</a>, SQLite lookup tables
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<b>README FILES</b>
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<a href="DATABASE_README.html">DATABASE_README</a>, Postfix lookup table overview
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<a href="PGSQL_README.html">PGSQL_README</a>, Postfix PostgreSQL client guide
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<b>LICENSE</b>
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The Secure Mailer license must be distributed with this software.
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<b>HISTORY</b>
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PgSQL support was introduced with Postfix version 2.1.
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<b>AUTHOR(S)</b>
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Based on the MySQL client by:
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Scott Cotton, Joshua Marcus
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IC Group, Inc.
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Ported to PostgreSQL by:
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Aaron Sethman
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Further enhanced by:
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Liviu Daia
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Institute of Mathematics of the Romanian Academy
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P.O. BOX 1-764
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RO-014700 Bucharest, ROMANIA
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PGSQL_TABLE(5)
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</pre> </body> </html>
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