Merge branch 'master' into linux

config/cml/container.template.cml

@@ -304,6 +304,13 @@ CONT%(cn)d_VIRT5_END	'Container %(cn)d Virtual Region 5 End Address'
 CONT%(cn)d_PAGER_LMA	'Container %(cn)d Pager LMA'
 CONT%(cn)d_PAGER_VMA	'Container %(cn)d Pager VMA'
 CONT%(cn)d_PAGER_SIZE	'Container %(cn)d Pager Initial Map Size (Optional)'
+CONT%(cn)d_PAGER_SHM_START	'Container %(cn)d Shared Mappings Region Start'
+CONT%(cn)d_PAGER_SHM_END	'Container %(cn)d Shared Mappings Region End'
+CONT%(cn)d_PAGER_TASK_START	'Container %(cn)d Task Address Space Region Start'
+CONT%(cn)d_PAGER_TASK_END	'Container %(cn)d Task Address Space Region End'
+CONT%(cn)d_PAGER_UTCB_START	'Container %(cn)d UTCB Mappings Region Start'
+CONT%(cn)d_PAGER_UTCB_END	'Container %(cn)d UTCB Mappings Region End'
+
 CONT%(cn)d_LINUX_PAGE_OFFSET	'Container %(cn)d Linux PAGE_OFFSET Parameter'
 CONT%(cn)d_LINUX_PHYS_OFFSET	'Container %(cn)d Linux PHYS_OFFSET Parameter'
 CONT%(cn)d_LINUX_MAPSIZE	'Container %(cn)d Linux Initial Kernel Map Size Parameter'
@@ -311,6 +318,13 @@ CONT%(cn)d_LINUX_MAPSIZE	'Container %(cn)d Linux Initial Kernel Map Size Paramet
 default CONT%(cn)d_PAGER_LMA	 from 0x0
 default CONT%(cn)d_PAGER_VMA	 from 0x0
 default CONT%(cn)d_PAGER_SIZE	 from 0x0
+default CONT%(cn)d_PAGER_SHM_START	 from 0x0
+default CONT%(cn)d_PAGER_SHM_END	 from 0x0
+default CONT%(cn)d_PAGER_TASK_START	 from 0x0
+default CONT%(cn)d_PAGER_TASK_END	 from 0x0
+default CONT%(cn)d_PAGER_UTCB_START	 from 0x0
+default CONT%(cn)d_PAGER_UTCB_END	 from 0x0
+
 default CONT%(cn)d_LINUX_PAGE_OFFSET from 0x0
 default CONT%(cn)d_LINUX_PHYS_OFFSET from 0x0
 default CONT%(cn)d_LINUX_MAPSIZE	 from 0x0
@@ -370,8 +384,8 @@ default CONT%(cn)d_VIRT5_END	from 0x0
 
 default CONT%(cn)d_OPT_NAME from (CONT%(cn)d_TYPE_LINUX==y) ? "linux%(cn)d" : ((CONT%(cn)d_TYPE_BARE==y) ? "bare%(cn)d" : "posix%(cn)d")
 
-when CONT%(cn)d_TYPE_LINUX==y suppress cont%(cn)d_bare_pager_params
+when CONT%(cn)d_TYPE_LINUX==y suppress cont%(cn)d_bare_pager_params cont%(cn)d_posix_pager_params
-when CONT%(cn)d_TYPE_BARE==y suppress cont%(cn)d_linux_pager_params
+when CONT%(cn)d_TYPE_BARE==y suppress cont%(cn)d_linux_pager_params cont%(cn)d_posix_pager_params
 when CONT%(cn)d_TYPE_POSIX==y suppress cont%(cn)d_linux_pager_params
 
 symbols
@@ -381,14 +395,24 @@ cont%(cn)d_virtmem_list	'Container %(cn)d Virtual Memory Regions'
 container%(cn)d_type	'Container %(cn)d Type'
 container%(cn)d_options	'Container %(cn)d Options'
 
-cont%(cn)d_linux_pager_params	'Container %(cn)d Pager Parameters'
+cont%(cn)d_linux_pager_params	'Container %(cn)d Linux Pager Parameters'
-cont%(cn)d_bare_pager_params	'Container %(cn)d Pager Parameters'
+cont%(cn)d_bare_pager_params	'Container %(cn)d Default Pager Parameters'
+cont%(cn)d_posix_pager_params	'Container %(cn)d POSIX Pager Parameters'
 
 menu cont%(cn)d_bare_pager_params
 	CONT%(cn)d_PAGER_LMA@
 	CONT%(cn)d_PAGER_VMA@
 	CONT%(cn)d_PAGER_SIZE@
 
+menu cont%(cn)d_posix_pager_params
+	CONT%(cn)d_PAGER_SHM_START@
+	CONT%(cn)d_PAGER_SHM_END@
+	CONT%(cn)d_PAGER_TASK_START@
+	CONT%(cn)d_PAGER_TASK_END@
+	CONT%(cn)d_PAGER_UTCB_START@
+	CONT%(cn)d_PAGER_UTCB_END@
+
+
 menu cont%(cn)d_linux_pager_params
 	CONT%(cn)d_LINUX_PAGE_OFFSET@
 	CONT%(cn)d_LINUX_PHYS_OFFSET@
@@ -414,6 +438,7 @@ menu container%(cn)d_options
 	CONT%(cn)d_OPT_NAME$
 	cont%(cn)d_linux_pager_params
 	cont%(cn)d_bare_pager_params
+	cont%(cn)d_posix_pager_params
 	cont%(cn)d_physmem_list
 	cont%(cn)d_virtmem_list
 

config/configuration.py

@@ -13,6 +13,12 @@ class Container:
         self.pager_lma = 0
         self.pager_vma = 0
         self.pager_size = 0
+        self.pager_task_region_start = 0
+        self.pager_task_region_end = 0
+        self.pager_shm_region_start = 0
+        self.pager_shm_region_end = 0
+        self.pager_utcb_region_start = 0
+        self.pager_utcb_region_end = 0
         self.linux_page_offset = 0
         self.linux_phys_offset = 0
         self.linux_mapsize = 0
@@ -31,6 +37,12 @@ class Container:
         print 'Container Name: %s' % self.name
         print 'Container Pager lma: %s' % conv_hex(self.pager_lma)
         print 'Container Pager vma: %s' % conv_hex(self.pager_vma)
+        print 'Container Pager shm region start: %s' % conv_hex(self.pager_shm_region_start)
+        print 'Container Pager shm region end: %s' % conv_hex(self.pager_shm_region_end)
+        print 'Container Pager task region start: %s' % conv_hex(self.pager_task_region_start)
+        print 'Container Pager task region end: %s' % conv_hex(self.pager_task_region_end)
+        print 'Container Pager utcb region start: %s' % conv_hex(self.pager_utcb_region_start)
+        print 'Container Pager utcb region end: %s' % conv_hex(self.pager_utcb_region_end)
         print 'Container Pager size: %s' % conv_hex(self.pager_size)
         print 'Container Virtual regions: %s' % self.virt_regions
         print 'Container Physical regions: %s' % self.phys_regions
@@ -86,6 +98,18 @@ class configuration:
             self.containers[id].pager_lma = int(val, 0)
         elif param[:len("PAGER_VMA")] == "PAGER_VMA":
             self.containers[id].pager_vma = int(val, 0)
+        elif param[:len("PAGER_UTCB_START")] == "PAGER_UTCB_START":
+            self.containers[id].pager_utcb_region_start = int(val, 0)
+        elif param[:len("PAGER_UTCB_END")] == "PAGER_UTCB_END":
+            self.containers[id].pager_utcb_region_end = int(val, 0)
+        elif param[:len("PAGER_SHM_START")] == "PAGER_SHM_START":
+            self.containers[id].pager_shm_region_start = int(val, 0)
+        elif param[:len("PAGER_SHM_END")] == "PAGER_SHM_END":
+            self.containers[id].pager_shm_region_end = int(val, 0)
+        elif param[:len("PAGER_TASK_START")] == "PAGER_TASK_START":
+            self.containers[id].pager_task_region_start = int(val, 0)
+        elif param[:len("PAGER_TASK_END")] == "PAGER_TASK_END":
+            self.containers[id].pager_task_region_end = int(val, 0)
         elif param[:len("PAGER_SIZE")] == "PAGER_SIZE":
             self.containers[id].pager_size = int(val, 0)
         elif param[:len("LINUX_MAPSIZE")] == "LINUX_MAPSIZE":

config/parse_options.py

@@ -35,18 +35,27 @@ def build_parse_options():
                       default = False, dest = "backup_config",
                       help = "Backs up old configuration file settings to a .saved file"
                              "(Subsequent calls would overwrite. Only meaningful with -r)")
+    parser.add_option("-p", "--print-config", action = "store_true",
+                      default = False, dest = "print_config",
+                      help = "Prints out configuration settings"
+                             "(Symbol values and container parameters are printed)")
 
 
     (options, args) = parser.parse_args()
 
-    autogen_true = len(sys.argv) > 1 or not os.path.exists(CML2_CML_FILE)
+    autogen_true = options.backup_config or options.reset_old_config \
+                   or options.cml_file or options.config \
+                   or options.ncont or options.arch or not os.path.exists(CML2_CML_FILE)
 
+    # Prepare default if arch not supplied
     if autogen_true and not options.arch:
         print "No arch supplied (-a), using `arm' as default."
         options.arch = "arm"
+
+    # Prepare default if number of containers not supplied
     if autogen_true and not options.ncont:
         options.ncont = 4
-        print "Max container count not supplied (-c), using %d as default." % options.ncont
+        print "Max container count not supplied (-n), using %d as default." % options.ncont
 
     # Regenerate cml file if options are supplied or the file doesn't exist.
     if autogen_true:

configure.py

@@ -56,7 +56,6 @@ def configure_kernel(cml_file):
     cml2_update_config_h(CONFIG_H, config)
 
     configuration_save(config)
-    #config.config_print()
 
     # Generate bare container files if new ones defined
     bare_cont_gen = BareContGenerator()
@@ -65,7 +64,11 @@ def configure_kernel(cml_file):
     # Generate kernel cinfo structure for container definitions
     generate_kernel_cinfo(config, KERNEL_CINFO_PATH)
 
-if __name__ == "__main__":
+    return config
-    build_parse_options()
+
-    configure_kernel(join(CML2_CONFIG_SRCDIR, "out.cml"))
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    opts, args = build_parse_options()
+    config = configure_kernel(join(CML2_CONFIG_SRCDIR, "out.cml"))
+    if opts.print_config:
+        config.config_print()
 

conts/posix/mm0/SConscript

@@ -20,24 +20,48 @@ def create_symlinks(arch):
 		os.system("rm %s" % (arch_path2))
 	os.system("ln -s %s %s" % ("arch-" + arch, arch_path2))
 
-def generate_lma_lds(target, source, env):
+def generate_container_h(target, source, env):
+    base_value_dict = {}
+    with open(source[0].path, 'r') as ch_in:
+        with open(target[0].path, 'w+') as ch_out:
+            container_h = ch_in.read()
+            assert container.pager_task_region_start != 0
+            assert container.pager_task_region_end != 0
+            assert container.pager_shm_region_start != 0
+            assert container.pager_shm_region_end != 0
+            assert container.pager_utcb_region_start != 0
+            assert container.pager_utcb_region_end != 0
+
+            base_value_dict = { 'task_start' : conv_hex(container.pager_task_region_start), \
+                                'task_end' : conv_hex(container.pager_task_region_end), \
+                                'shmem_start' : conv_hex(container.pager_shm_region_start), \
+                                'shmem_end' : conv_hex(container.pager_shm_region_end), \
+                                'utcb_start' : conv_hex(container.pager_utcb_region_start), \
+                                'utcb_end' : conv_hex(container.pager_utcb_region_end) }
+            ch_out.write(container_h % base_value_dict)
+
+def generate_vma_lma_lds(target, source, env):
     with open(source[0].path, 'r') as lds_in:
         with open(target[0].path, 'w+') as lds_out:
             linker_script = lds_in.read()
             assert container.pager_lma != 0
-            lds_out.write(linker_script % conv_hex(container.pager_lma))
+            assert container.pager_vma != 0
+            lds_out.write(linker_script % (conv_hex(container.pager_vma), \
+                          conv_hex(container.pager_lma)))
 
-lma_lds = Command('include/linker.lds', 'include/linker.lds.in', generate_lma_lds)
+lma_lds = Command('include/linker.lds', 'include/linker.lds.in', generate_vma_lma_lds)
 
+container_h = Command('include/container.h', 'include/container.h.in', generate_container_h)
 src = [Glob('*.c') + Glob('mm/*.c') + Glob('lib/*.c') + Glob('fs/*.c') + Glob('fs/memfs/*.c') + Glob('lib/elf/*.c') + Glob('mm/arch/*.c')]
 
 e = env.Clone()
 
 e.Append(LINKFLAGS = ['-T' + lma_lds[0].path, '-u_start'])
 e.Append(LIBS = 'posix')
+e.Append(CPPFLAGS = ' -include ' + container_h[0].path)
 objs = e.Object(src)
 mm0 = e.Program('mm0.elf', objs)
-
+Depends(objs, container_h)
 Depends(mm0, lma_lds)
 Return('mm0')
 

conts/posix/mm0/include/container.h.in

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+#ifndef __MM0_CONTAINER_H__
+#define __MM0_CONTAINER_H__
+
+#define SHMEM_REGION_START %(shmem_start)s
+#define SHMEM_REGION_END %(shmem_end)s
+
+#define TASK_REGION_START %(task_start)s
+#define TASK_REGION_END %(task_end)s
+
+#define UTCB_REGION_START %(utcb_start)s
+#define UTCB_REGION_END %(utcb_end)s
+
+
+#endif /* __MM0_CONTAINER_H__ */

conts/posix/mm0/include/init.h

@@ -18,8 +18,6 @@
 #include <capability.h>
 
 struct initdata {
-	struct capability *bootcaps;
-	struct capability *physmem;
 	struct bootdesc *bootdesc;
 	struct page_bitmap *page_map;
 	unsigned long pager_utcb_virt;

conts/posix/mm0/include/linker.h

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 /*
  * Linker script-defined memory markers.
  */
-
+extern unsigned long virtual_base[];
 extern unsigned long __start_text[];
 extern unsigned long __end_text[];
 extern unsigned long __start_data[];

conts/posix/mm0/include/linker.lds.in

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
  * Copyright (C) 2007 - 2009 Bahadir Balban
  */
 
-virtual_base = 0xE0000000;
+virtual_base = %s;
 physical_base = %s;
 
 pager_offset = virtual_base - physical_base;

conts/posix/mm0/mm/execve.c

@@ -228,7 +228,8 @@ int do_execve(struct tcb *sender, char *filename,
 	return 0;
 }
 
-int sys_execve(struct tcb *sender, char *pathname, char *argv[], char *envp[])
+int sys_execve(struct tcb *sender, char *pathname,
+	       char *argv[], char *envp[])
 {
 	int ret;
 	char *path;
@@ -242,17 +243,19 @@ int sys_execve(struct tcb *sender, char *pathname, char *argv[], char *envp[])
 	memset(&env, 0, sizeof(env));
 
 	/* Copy the executable path string */
-	if ((ret = copy_user_string(sender, path, pathname, PATH_MAX)) < 0)
+	if ((ret = copy_user_string(sender, path,
+				    pathname, PATH_MAX)) < 0)
 		return ret;
-	// printf("%s: Copied pathname: %s\n", __FUNCTION__, path);
 
 	/* Copy the args */
-	if (argv && ((ret = copy_user_args(sender, &args, argv, ARGS_MAX)) < 0))
+	if (argv && ((ret = copy_user_args(sender, &args,
+					   argv, ARGS_MAX)) < 0))
 		goto out1;
 
 	/* Copy the env */
 	if (envp && ((ret = copy_user_args(sender, &env, envp,
-					   ARGS_MAX - args.size)) < 0))
+					   ARGS_MAX - args.size))
+		     < 0))
 		goto out2;
 
 	ret = do_execve(sender, path, &args, &env);

conts/posix/mm0/mm/init.c

@@ -43,6 +43,13 @@ struct memdesc physmem;		/* Initial, primitive memory descriptor */
 struct membank membank[1];	/* The memory bank */
 struct page *page_array;	/* The physical page array based on mem bank */
 
+struct container_memory_regions {
+	struct capability *shmem;
+	struct capability *utcb;
+	struct capability *task;
+	struct capability *pager;
+	struct capability *physmem;
+} cont_mem_regions;
 
 /* Capability descriptor list */
 struct cap_list capability_list;
@@ -50,7 +57,6 @@ struct cap_list capability_list;
 __initdata static struct capability *caparray;
 __initdata static int total_caps = 0;
 
-
 void print_pfn_range(int pfn, int size)
 {
 	unsigned int addr = pfn << PAGE_BITS;
@@ -153,10 +159,11 @@ int pager_setup_task(void)
 }
 
 /* Copy all init-memory allocated capabilities */
-void copy_boot_capabilities()
+void copy_boot_capabilities(int ncaps)
 {
 	struct capability *cap;
 
+	link_init(&capability_list.caps);
 	for (int i = 0; i < total_caps; i++) {
 		cap = kzalloc(sizeof(struct capability));
 
@@ -167,14 +174,16 @@ void copy_boot_capabilities()
 		link_init(&cap->list);
 
 		/* Add capability to global cap list */
-		list_insert(&capability_list.caps, &cap->list);
+		list_insert(&cap->list, &capability_list.caps);
 	}
+	capability_list.ncaps = ncaps;
 }
 
 int read_pager_capabilities()
 {
 	int ncaps;
 	int err;
+	struct capability *cap;
 
 	/* Read number of capabilities */
 	if ((err = l4_capability_control(CAP_CONTROL_NCAPS,
@@ -182,7 +191,9 @@ int read_pager_capabilities()
 		printf("l4_capability_control() reading # of"
 		       " capabilities failed.\n Could not "
 		       "complete CAP_CONTROL_NCAPS request.\n");
-		goto error;
+		BUG();
+	} else {
+		printf("There are %d capabilities defined.\n", ncaps);
 	}
 	total_caps = ncaps;
 
@@ -195,33 +206,88 @@ int read_pager_capabilities()
 		printf("l4_capability_control() reading of "
 		       "capabilities failed.\n Could not "
 		       "complete CAP_CONTROL_READ_CAPS request.\n");
-		goto error;
+		BUG();
 	}
 
-	/* Set up initdata pointer to important capabilities */
+	/* Copy them to real allocated structures */
-	initdata.bootcaps = caparray;
+	copy_boot_capabilities(ncaps);
-	for (int i = 0; i < ncaps; i++) {
+
-		/*
+	memset(&cont_mem_regions, 0, sizeof(cont_mem_regions));
-		 * TODO: There may be multiple physmem caps!
+
-		 * This really needs to be considered as multiple
+	/* Set up pointers to important capabilities */
-		 * membanks!!!
+	list_foreach_struct(cap, &capability_list.caps, list) {
-		 */
+		/* Physical memory bank */
-		if ((caparray[i].type & CAP_RTYPE_MASK)
+		if ((cap->type & CAP_RTYPE_MASK)
-		    == CAP_RTYPE_PHYSMEM) {
+		    == CAP_RTYPE_PHYSMEM)
-			initdata.physmem = &caparray[i];
+			cont_mem_regions.physmem = cap;
-			return 0;
+
+		/* Virtual regions */
+		if ((cap->type & CAP_RTYPE_MASK)
+		    == CAP_RTYPE_VIRTMEM) {
+
+			printf("Capability range 0x%lx - 0x%lx\n",
+			       __pfn_to_addr(cap->start), __pfn_to_addr(cap->end));
+			/* Pager address region (get from linker-defined) */
+			if (__pfn_to_addr(cap->start)
+			    == (unsigned long)virtual_base)
+				cont_mem_regions.pager = cap;
+
+			/* UTCB address region */
+			else if (UTCB_REGION_START == __pfn_to_addr(cap->start)) {
+				if (UTCB_REGION_END != __pfn_to_addr(cap->end)) {
+					printf("FATAL: Region designated "
+					       "for UTCB allocation does not "
+					       "match on start/end marks");
+					BUG();
+				}
+
+				if (!(cap->access & CAP_MAP_UTCB_BIT)) {
+					printf("FATAL: Region designated "
+					       "for UTCB allocation does not "
+					       "have UTCB map permissions");
+					BUG();
+				}
+				cont_mem_regions.utcb = cap;
+			}
+
+			/* Shared memory disjoint region */
+			else if (SHMEM_REGION_START == __pfn_to_addr(cap->start)) {
+				if (SHMEM_REGION_END != __pfn_to_addr(cap->end)) {
+					printf("FATAL: Region designated "
+					       "for SHM allocation does not "
+					       "match on start/end marks");
+					BUG();
+				}
+
+				cont_mem_regions.shmem = cap;
+			}
+
+			/* Task memory region */
+			else if (TASK_REGION_START == __pfn_to_addr(cap->start)) {
+				if (TASK_REGION_END != __pfn_to_addr(cap->end)) {
+					printf("FATAL: Region designated "
+					       "for Task address space does not "
+					       "match on start/end marks");
+					BUG();
+				}
+				cont_mem_regions.task = cap;
+			}
 		}
 	}
 
-	printf("%s: Error, pager has no physmem "
+	if (!cont_mem_regions.task ||
-	       "capability defined.\n", __TASKNAME__);
+	    !cont_mem_regions.shmem ||
-
+	    !cont_mem_regions.utcb ||
-	goto error;
+	    !cont_mem_regions.physmem ||
+	    !cont_mem_regions.pager) {
+		printf("%s: Error, pager does not have one of the required"
+	 	       "mem capabilities defined. (TASK, SHM, PHYSMEM, UTCB)\n",
+		       __TASKNAME__);
+		printf("%p, %p, %p, %p, %p\n", cont_mem_regions.task, cont_mem_regions.shmem, cont_mem_regions.utcb, cont_mem_regions.physmem, cont_mem_regions.pager);
+		BUG();
+	}
 
 	return 0;
-
-error:
-	BUG();
 }
 
 /*
@@ -230,12 +296,6 @@ error:
  */
 void release_initdata()
 {
-	/*
-	 * Copy boot capabilities to a list of
-	 * real capabilities
-	 */
-	copy_boot_capabilities();
-
 	/* Free and unmap init memory:
 	 *
 	 * FIXME: We can and do safely unmap the boot
@@ -397,14 +457,14 @@ void init_physmem_primary()
 	/* Allocate page map structure */
 	initdata.page_map =
 		alloc_bootmem(sizeof(struct page_bitmap) +
-			      ((initdata.physmem->end -
+			      ((cont_mem_regions.physmem->end -
-			        initdata.physmem->start)
+			        cont_mem_regions.physmem->start)
 			       >> 5) + 1, 0);
 
 	/* Initialise page map from physmem capability */
 	init_page_map(initdata.page_map,
-		      initdata.physmem->start,
+		      cont_mem_regions.physmem->start,
-		      initdata.physmem->end);
+		      cont_mem_regions.physmem->end);
 
 	/* Mark pager and other boot task areas as used */
 	for (int i = 0; i < bootdesc->total_images; i++) {
@@ -419,8 +479,8 @@ void init_physmem_primary()
 			     pfn_end - pfn_start, 1);
 	}
 
-	physmem.start = initdata.physmem->start;
+	physmem.start = cont_mem_regions.physmem->start;
-	physmem.end = initdata.physmem->end;
+	physmem.end = cont_mem_regions.physmem->end;
 
 	physmem.free_cur = pfn_images_end;
 	physmem.free_end = physmem.end;

conts/posix/test0/SConscript

@@ -11,6 +11,8 @@ from tools.pyelf.lmanext import *
 
 src = [Glob('*.c') + Glob('test_exec.S') + Glob('src/*.[Sc]') + Glob('src/arch/arm/*.c')]
 
+container = next((c for c in config.containers if int(c.id) == int(contid)), None)
+
 asm_string = \
 '''
 .align 4
@@ -26,7 +28,7 @@ def generate_lma_lds(target, source, env):
     with open(source[1].path, 'r') as lds_in:
         with open(target[0].path, 'w+') as lds_out:
             linker_script = lds_in.read()
-            lds_out.write(linker_script % next_available_lma(source[0].path))
+            lds_out.write(linker_script % (container.pager_task_region_start, next_available_lma(source[0].path)))
 
 lma_lds = Command('include/linker.lds', [previmage, 'include/linker.lds.in'], generate_lma_lds)
 

conts/posix/test0/include/linker.lds.in

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
  * Copyright (C) 2007 - 2009 Bahadir Balban
  */
 
-virtual_base = 0x10000000;
+virtual_base = %s;
 physical_base = %s;
 
 __stack = (0x20000000 - 0x1000 - 8); /* First page before the env/args */